What is gynecomastia?

Gynecomastia is a condition that often occurs in boys during puberty. During this time a boy's breasts may begin to take on female breast characteristics. He may notice that his breast is tender and that a small area of breast tissue can be felt beneath his nipple. This condition is very common. After puberty, about 1/3 of boys have some degree of gynecomastia.

What is the cause?

Gynecomastia is thought to be caused by an imbalance of hormones in boys during the middle part of puberty.

How is it diagnosed?

Gynecomastia is diagnosed in a boy who has entered puberty and has no other medical conditions or symptoms that suggest a reason for the breast to develop.

Some medicines may cause enlargement of the male breast. Some examples are digitalis, phenytoin, ketoconazole, cimetidine, diazepam, omeprazole, antidepressants, and others. Tell your doctor about any medicines or supplements your son is taking.

How long will it last?

In most cases the tenderness lasts for a few months and then goes away. The breast tissue eventually decreases in size. It is unusual for the condition to last longer than 2 years. It is rare for this condition to reach the point where your son is embarrassed about the amount of breast growth.

How can I help take care of my child?

No specific treatment is needed. Loose clothing may be more comfortable than more tightly fitting shirts.

When should I call my child's health care provider?

Call your child's provider during office hours if:

• Gynecomastia is causing emotional problems.
• Discharge from the breast occurs.
• You have other concerns about your child's progression through puberty.